TM0415 · Next-Gen Methane Mitigation

Short-circuiting methane at the source.

TM0415 is the first feed technology to eliminate enteric methane not by inhibiting an enzyme, but by intercepting the electrons it needs — a fundamentally new mechanism built on our proprietary amorphous iron-sulfur cluster chemistry.

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96% Methane reduction in rumen
48.8% Total GHG reduction (CO₂eq)
0mg/kg Toxicity in GLP studies
Electron intercepted
MCR enzyme idle
CH₄ production ↓
Addressing global climate frameworks
Global Methane Pledge EU CBAM Scope 3 Emissions 2030 NDC Targets FAO Livestock Agenda
The Challenge

Every ruminant leaks energy.
The planet pays the bill.

Cattle, sheep, and goats turn indigestible grass into protein — but the process releases methane, a greenhouse gas 28 times more potent than CO₂. Livestock alone now accounts for roughly 14.5% of all human-caused emissions, an impact comparable to every vehicle on Earth combined.

14.5%
Share of global human-caused greenhouse gas emissions from livestock
28×
Global warming potential of methane vs. CO₂ (IPCC)
250–500L
Methane emitted per cow, per day
6%
Gross energy intake lost as methane "belch" in each animal
Rumen fermentation byproduct methane — mechanism of energy loss
Rumen fermentation — where dietary energy leaks out as methane
The Modern Livestock Dilemma: Productivity vs. Climate Crisis — a scale balancing current production levels against methane reduction and climate action
The uncomfortable trade-off — maintaining current production means more methane; cutting methane has historically meant lower productivity. This is the dilemma TM0415 was built to break.
Our Technology

TM0415 — nature's universal key, engineered for the rumen.

Iron-sulfur clusters are among the oldest and most versatile molecules in biology — they power respiration, photosynthesis, and nitrogen fixation across every kingdom of life. Their redox potential spans an extraordinary 1.5-volt range, from −700 mV to +770 mV.

TerraMetis has engineered TM0415 — an amorphous iron-sulfur cluster that operates at the high-oxidation end of this spectrum, giving it the electrical "pull" needed to commandeer electron flow inside the rumen, without ever binding to a single enzyme.

Iron-Sulfur Cluster potential spectrum
The 1.5-volt potential spectrum of iron-sulfur clusters — TM0415 dominates the high-oxidation region.
How It Works

The Electron Short-circuit.

Conventional inhibitors try to block an enzyme. TM0415 does something more fundamental — it cuts the power supply the enzyme depends on.

TM0415's Dual Action Mechanism for Methane Reduction — inhibit methane generation, activate methane oxidizers
STAGE 01

Electron short-circuit by TM0415

TM0415's high redox potential pulls high-energy electrons away from the ferredoxin pathway — before they ever reach the methanogen's MCR enzyme. Without electrons, the methane factory shuts down.

STAGE 02

H₂ accumulation & thermodynamic shift

With methanogenesis blocked, hydrogen begins to accumulate in the rumen. The system enters an emergency state, seeking an alternative hydrogen sink to maintain fermentation.

STAGE 03

Propionate sink opens

Propionate-producing bacteria step in as the new hydrogen consumer. Wasted electrons are redirected into propionate — a direct energy source the animal absorbs, synthesizes into glucose, and uses to grow.

Core reaction blocked: CO₂ + 8H⁺ + 8e⁻  →  CH₄ + 2H₂O
Speed & Dose

Electrochemical speed, catalytic-level dose.

Because TM0415 works through pure redox potential — not enzyme binding or microbial inhibition — it activates the instant it dissolves in rumen fluid, at concentrations so small they leave feed formulation untouched.

0.12ppm
Effective concentration
A true catalytic dose. Blends transparently into standard TMF feed with no reformulation, no palatability impact, no nutritional trade-off.
<1min
Reaction onset
Physicochemical electron capture begins the moment TM0415 dissolves. Biological inhibitors lag from 15 minutes up to several hours.
80%+
Peak-window capture
During the 1–4 hour post-feeding methane peak, TM0415 intercepts most hydrogen before methanogens can reach it — the CH₄ curve never forms.
Verified Results

Measured, not modeled.

Gas analysis of actual rumen fluid after feeding TM0415 TMF to real cows — not laboratory cultures. The data confirms TM0415 retains its activity all the way through digestion.

96%
reduction in methane (CH₄) concentration measured in rumen fluid, test group vs. control.
↓96.1%
Methane (CH₄)
From 446.8 ppm to 17.4 ppm in test group
↓48.8%
Total GHG (CO₂eq)
Combined warming potential across all gases
↓29.6%
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
Signal of improved digestive absorption
GLP ✓
Toxicology verified
Acute & repeat-dose safety cleared
Gas generation measurement results
Gas generation comparison — test group vs. control, measured in ppm from actual rumen fluid.
Two-Track Effect

Cut emissions.
Lift productivity. Same molecule.

Most methane inhibitors force farmers into a trade-off: less methane, but also less feed efficiency or animal health. TM0415 breaks that trade-off — it reduces methane and redirects the saved energy back into the animal.

↑

Track 1 — More energy in

TM0415 loosens lignin bonds, letting rumen microbes access more of the carbohydrates in corn silage and hay. More usable glucose, more propionate precursors.

↓

Track 2 — Less energy out

That extra energy can't leave as methane because the methanogen pathway is short-circuited. Instead of venting as belches, it accumulates as productive animal output.

Two core mechanisms of lignin degradation via feed additive — H₂ scavenging and direct phenolic attack on methanogens
Measured Metabolic Shift

The numbers behind the Two-Track effect.

When electrons stop feeding methanogens, the entire rumen rewires itself — visible as a dramatic change in volatile fatty acid (VFA) ratios and net metabolizable energy.

Why propionate is the only pathway — three compounding reasons the rumen ecosystem flows toward propionate production once TM0415 is active
Why propionate, and only propionate — three compounding reasons the rumen ecosystem has no choice but to flow toward propionate once TM0415 is active: thermodynamic inevitability, biochemical acceleration (Fe electron shuttle), and propionate-bacteria ecological dominance.

VFA rebalancing — before vs. after

Volatile fatty acids are the primary energy currency of ruminants. TM0415 shifts the mix away from hydrogen-releasing acetate toward energy-dense propionate — the direct precursor to glucose in the liver.

Acetate
Control
65–70%
With TM0415
55–60%
↓ decrease
Propionate
Control
15–20%
With TM0415
30–35%
↑ ~2× surge
Butyrate
Control
10–12%
With TM0415
10–13%
→ stable
A : P ratio
Control 3.5–4.5
With TM0415 2.0–2.5
Higher energy efficiency

Metabolizable energy amplification

Per kilogram of feed (Gross Energy indexed at 100), four compounding mechanisms push net energy available to the animal from approximately 55–60 up to 84–88.

+8 to +11
Methane loss prevented

Energy that would normally vent as belches is preserved in-body.

+5 to +7
Electron gradient boost

Steeper redox potential accelerates lignin breakdown, freeing previously indigestible fiber fractions.

+6 to +8
Propionate pathway conversion

Conserved hydrogen flows into the 3-carbon pathway — the direct precursor for hepatic glucose synthesis.

+10 to +12
Mitochondrial ETC activation

Trace iron-sulfur clusters smooth electron transfer across Complex I–IV, maximizing ATP yield per glucose and reducing oxidative stress.

Net gain +28 to +29 points ≈ 30% more usable energy per kilogram of feed
Compared

A fundamentally different mechanism.

Existing methane inhibitors bind to the MCR enzyme. TM0415 doesn't touch the enzyme at all — it removes the electrons the enzyme needs to function.

Comparison of methane reduction mechanisms for 3-NOP, Bromoform, and TM0415 — focus on MCR enzyme
3-NOP
Competitive inhibitor		 Bromoform (seaweed)
Active-site blocker		 TM0415
Electron short-circuit
Mechanism Binds MCR active site, mimics substrate Forms chemical bond with MCR nickel ion Intercepts electrons before they reach MCR
Binds to enzyme? ● Yes ● Yes ● No — non-binding
Resistance risk Possible — enzyme can mutate Moderate Extremely low — no binding site
Metabolic side effects Reported in long-term feeding trials Residual toxicity concerns Two-Track effect — productivity rises
Scalability Chemical synthesis (moderate cost) Seaweed cultivation (constrained) Inorganic synthesis (mass-producible)
Feed-storage stability Stable Volatile, degrades in feed Engineered stabilization — oxygen & light resistant
Additional Benefits

More than a methane reducer.

Because TM0415 works on the fundamental chemistry of the rumen, its effects reach beyond methane alone.

Animal welfare by design

TM0415 doesn't kill microbes or poison enzymes — it redirects energy flow. Animals grow healthier, not weaker.

Built-in acidosis prevention

TM0415 acts as a proton sponge, removing H⁺ accumulation and generating natural bicarbonate buffer — structurally preventing rumen acidosis.

Shelf-stable delivery

Proprietary stabilization keeps TM0415 inert through storage, pelleting, and transit — then activates only inside the anaerobic rumen.

Inorganic, mass-producible

Unlike seaweed or complex biomolecules, TM0415 can be synthesized at industrial scale with consistent quality and cost structure.

Full-digestion persistence

TM0415 maintains electron-interception activity from ingestion through excretion — verified by direct rumen fluid measurements.

Standard TMF integration

Blends into existing total mixed ration feed — no new farm infrastructure, no handling changes for farmers or feed mills.

Mitochondrial energy boost

Trace iron-sulfur clusters lower electron-transfer resistance in the animal's mitochondria, maximizing ATP yield per unit of glucose and reducing oxidative stress.

Measurable, real-time response

Hydrogen partial pressure drops vertically within minutes of TM0415 entering the rumen — the methane curve clings to zero, not a prediction but a signature.

Engineering Breakthrough

Theory was never the hard part.

Scientists have speculated about iron-sulfur electron interception for decades. The barrier was always the same: these compounds oxidize in minutes when exposed to air or light, and degrade before they ever reach the rumen.

We solved that — with a proprietary stabilization and delivery system that keeps TM0415 chemically inert during manufacturing, storage, and transit, then activates it only inside the oxygen-free environment of the rumen.

  • Air, light & aqueous stability

    Retains full activity through high-temperature pellet processing and long-term feed storage.

  • Conditional activation

    Activates only in the anaerobic rumen environment — passes through stomach acid and digestive enzymes intact.

  • Non-binding, non-toxic

    Does not bind to enzymes, does not disrupt beneficial microbes, and leaves no toxic residue in milk, meat, or manure.

  • Pellet & flake process-stable

    Survives 80 °C+ pelleting temperatures and high-pressure extrusion — industrial processes that cause >99% mortality for microbe-based alternatives.

  • Catalytic dose, zero formulation change

    Effective at just 0.12 ppm. Added to standard TMF without altering feed composition, nutrient density, or palatability — a true drop-in.

Acidosis prevention mechanism
Core competitive advantages
Why TM0415

The only solution that wins on all three axes.

The ultimate methane mitigation winner has to be effective, scalable, and stable in the real world. Every existing approach compromises on at least one. TM0415 doesn't.

01 /

Seaweed-level efficacy, chemical-level scalability

96% rumen-level methane suppression — at the upper bound of what natural solutions achieve — but with the mass-production reliability of an inorganic compound.

02 /

An insurmountable engineering moat

Our stabilization and delivery technology solves a materials-science problem that has defeated global research teams for decades. This is the gap that makes the platform commercially viable.

03 /

Aligned with farmer economics

Farmers don't have to choose between the planet and their yield. TM0415's Two-Track effect converts mitigated emissions into productive animal output — turning a cost center into a margin lever.

04 /

Drop-in deployment

Blended into standard TMF feed. No infrastructure, no retraining, no behavioral change required at the farm level.

Why Now

Regulation is making this a must-have, not a nice-to-have.

Livestock methane has moved from peripheral concern to central compliance issue. The supply chain is re-pricing risk across every tier — and the feed additive layer is where the change is being implemented.

150+ COUNTRIES

Global Methane Pledge

Signatories committed to a 30% reduction in global methane emissions by 2030. Agriculture is the largest addressable share.

IN FORCE

EU CBAM & national NDCs

Border adjustment and national reduction targets are flowing into agricultural supply chains via procurement requirements.

NOW

Scope 3 procurement

Global food and retail brands have declared supply-chain carbon neutrality and are requiring methane reduction solutions from their upstream livestock partners.

Leadership

Built by operators with conviction.

TerraMetis is led by a team that pairs scientific conviction with a proven record of taking complex products from bench to global commercial scale.

TO

Teresa Oh

Founder & CEO

Teresa leads the strategic vision of TerraMetis. A graduate of George Washington University and Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, she built a successful dental clinical practice before being profoundly captivated by the scientific potential of amorphous iron-sulfur cluster chemistry — and by the climate-scale problem it could solve in agriculture.

Driven by this conviction, she made the decisive move to transition from clinical practice to biotechnology, investing her personal assets to commercialize the technology as TM0415. As a tenacious entrepreneur, Teresa is now dedicating her full efforts to evolving TerraMetis from a pioneering climate-tech firm into a global powerhouse in livestock methane mitigation.

Her leadership is defined by a unique fusion of clinical insight from her medical career and a proven ability in corporate scaling and strategic partnerships.

Strategy & Vision Scientific Conviction Clinical Background Capital Formation
ED

Eric Denbow

Chief Operating Officer

Eric leads operations and commercial strategy at TerraMetis. A Cornell University graduate (B.S., Applied Economics & Management), he brings deep experience leading complex strategic engagements at Ipsos, where he managed $6.5M+ in research programs for Fortune 500 healthcare clients across U.S. and international markets.

His expertise spans the full project lifecycle — from study design and quantitative analysis to executive-level readouts — combined with a proven record of mentoring and scaling cross-functional teams. At TerraMetis, Eric translates customer insight into go-to-market execution, building the partnership infrastructure required to scale TM0415 to feed mills, livestock operators, and climate partners worldwide.

Operations Commercial Strategy Market Research Team Leadership Fortune 500 Clients
Partner With Us

Let's run a pilot.

Whether you represent a feed mill, dairy cooperative, livestock operator, climate fund, or research institution — we'd like to hear how TM0415 fits your operation. We're actively onboarding pilot partners and strategic collaborators.

Partnerships & inquiriesto@a6nbio.com
HeadquartersUSA
Open toFeed mills · Dairy & beef operators · Climate funds · Research partners

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